Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery (HALS): A Bridge to Complex Laparoscopic Procedures

نویسنده

  • Michael S. Kavic
چکیده

Development of miniaturized real-time imaging technologies has revolutionized the surgical specialties. As improbable as it first seemed, elimination of the long incision for intraabdominal access resulted in a dramatic reduction in hospital stay for open surgery. Minimal access surgery resulted in decreased postoperative pain and decreased morbidity as well as improved cosmesis. Bikini surgery was no longer limited to those who wore bikinis.

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عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 9  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2005